But when the life led is artificial and the opportunities for exercise limited the danger from feeding too much meat lies in the fact that meat is so stimulating that it loads the system with impurities that the organs of the body are unable to eliminate, thereby resulting in diseases of the skin.

Dogs should be fed twice a day. In the morning give a light meal, consisting preferably of one or two Spratt’s Dog Crackers. These should be fed dry, so that the dog will gnaw at them, thereby stimulating the secretion of saliva that is important to insure complete digestion. Feed a heavy meal at night, allowing the animal to eat until satisfied, for a dog always sleeps best on a full stomach. Dogs should never be allowed to nose over their food. As soon as they show that they have had enough the remnants of the meal should be immediately removed.

Feeding time affords the owner a favorable opportunity of informing himself as to the health of his dogs. If a dog does not eat his evening meal with the usual gusto,take it away and let him fast until the next day. Then try him again, and if he still refuses to eat, or only noses his food, consider him sick and take means to restore him to health.

All that most cases require are a few doses of Dent’s Pepsinated Condition Pills. If the bowels are constipated and the liver is out of order, it may be necessary to give one of Dent’s Laxative Pills, to insure a good cleansing of the system.

Cases due to worms or distemper sho uld be given proper treatment. Pet dogs suffer from overfeeding and the promiscuous use of sweets and candies that produce indigestion and other ailments. The proper diet for them is Spratt’s Pet Dog Crackers, stale or toasted bread and milk, a little well-cooked, lean meat,beef broths, etc., with an occasional bone of good size.

If but one or two dogs are kept table scraps, if fresh, not too highly seasoned and free from chicken or fish bones, make a satisfactory and wholesome diet.

Where a number of dogs are kept, an excellent food can be prepared by boiling sheep or beef heads until soft and then thickening the liquor in which they were boiled with stale bread, crackers, vegetables and meal.

Nearly all dogs are fond of boiled liver, and it can be given with good results once or twice a week, as it has a very desirable laxative effect upon the bowels.

Spratt’s Dog Crackers have come into general use in the last few years, and although some dogs refuse to eat them, a little tact and perseverance upon the part of the owner will accustom the dog treat them. They form a very satisfactory diet and the trouble of feeding is reduced to the minimum.

Puppies can be weaned by dipping their noses into a pan of milk. They proceed to lick the milk off from their noses and soon learn to lap it. They should be fed at least six times a day on milk that has been scalded; to it can gradually be added broken crackers and other solid food. Sour milk also should be given two or three times a week, as it is a preventative of worms.

In carefully thought-out matings there are two factors to keep in mind at all times. The first is that the pedigrees of the sire and dam must be suitable. The second is the health of both dog and bitch at the time of mating, and the health of the bitch all through her pregnancy.

A well-formed litter cannot be expected if this very important group of factors is overlooked. The physical condition of the puppies at the time of weaning will depend en¬tirely upon your care and feeding of their dam. This, of course, does not take into consideration the chance of accidents or infection.

Immediately following their birth until the time of weaning, the puppies are fed on the milk of either their mother or their foster mother. If this milk is not present in the necessary quantity, and does not supply them with the needed food elements, their health will suffer.

When it meets these requirements, mother’s milk is the ideal food for all young animals, and the milk of a bitch properly fed and cared for will give the best possible results with the puppies.

A comparison of bitch’s and cow’s milk has already been made. This difference meets the requirements of their young. It takes a calf forty-seven days to double its weight, while a puppy does so in nine days provided the bitch is fed in such a way that she is able to supply the necessary nourishment. This means not only the nour¬ishment to keep the puppy fat, but also to supply the bone-building foods and minerals which will go into form¬ing his skeleton.

The mating may have been designed to produce a heavy-boned specimen, but if the dam is not fed in such a fashion that she will be able to supply the calcium necessary to build this heavy bone struc¬ture, all the work and thought will have been wasted and the resulting puppies will be a disappointment.

It sometimes happens that the dam is unable to feed the puppies. This may result from various reasons, and when it does, the logical answer to the problem is a foster mother. Bottle feeding always entails a lot of extra work, and at the best is unsatisfactory. Nevertheless, it is sometimes a very important link in carrying the puppies over from the time their dam is unable to feed them until a foster mother may be obtained.

A supply of milk powder should be in your possession. When bottle feeding becomes necessary, this powder may be used when mixed according to directions on the package. The same care must be taken as when mixing Junior’s formula. If no milk powder is available, con¬densed cow’s milk may be substituted. This should be diluted with about one part of boiled water to two parts of milk.

Any small bottle which may be sterilized can be used, provided the neck is the right size to fit a rubber nipple. An ordinary baby’s nipple is all that is necessary, but be sure it is made of heavy rubber.

The light ones draw together and give much more trouble when feeding the puppy. When more than one puppy is to be fed, a bottle large enough to hold food for them all may be used. The nipple should be scalded between pups, and the milk must be kept at the right body temperature.

For the first week puppies should be fed once every two hours; the time may be lengthened to once every four hours by the end of the second week. The amount to be given at each feeding varies according to the breed. Toys should receive about one-half teaspoonful, terriers and spaniels about one teaspoonful, collies and setters two teaspoonfuls, and the larger breeds three.

During the time the puppies are being bottle-fed they must be kept in a warm box near a fire, or in a box with a hot-water bottle. They must be cleaned several times a day. Since the dam is not with them, that is a job the breeder must undertake with absorbent cotton. If a mild antiseptic is used, the puppies must be thoroughly dried. Raising a family of youngsters on the bottle is a lot of work, in fact, it is a full-time job, and it does not pay a very high rate of dividends.

 Frequency of bathing actually depends on the breed of the dog. If the dog is of a hairy type like the cocker spaniel, then the bathing is to be carried out once in six to eight weeks. If these breeds are bathed too frequently, then the skin and coat loose the protective characters. 

However, when the dog has defecated on the skin due to the frequent digestive upsets leading to diarrhea, to avoid the bad smell, the dog may be subjected to frequent bathing some times by the owners.
 
 Take more care in avoiding some irritant soaps or human soaps. The soap materials used for human beings are not suitable for dogs.  Similarly, many human shampoo products are having some ingredients that are not suitable in the proportions that are to be used in case of dogs. Hence, always try to use the shampoo products that are mentioned mainly for use in dogs. Take more care in using any new product. 

 Always have good time and patience for products required for bathing in one place with availability of water source.  Dogs love the sprinkling of water, river, and oceans.  Even when you are using bathtub, have everything in one place and then start bathing of the dog. Try to have a leash, conditioner, towel, and shampoo in the bath place.

 Conditioner is of helpful to make the combing activity easier later. Bathing should be a convenient activity to both the dog and the owner. This should not be a burden.

To finish off, rinse all the soapy water and shampoo of your dog and dry them in the same way you would yourself or if they have easily matted hair use patting only to dry your dog, when this is all done reward your dog with praise and rewards for being cooperative with you.